How Dividend Yield Works
Dividend yield is the most commonly used metric to assess how much cash income a stock generates relative to its price. A stock paying $2 per share annually when its price is $50 has a yield of 4%. If the price rises to $100 without a dividend increase, the yield drops to 2%.
The Calculations
Dividend Yield = Annual Dividend Per Share / Current Share Price
Annual Income = Annual Dividend Per Share × Shares Held
Yield on Cost = Annual Dividend Per Share / Purchase Price Per Share
Forward Yield = (Annual Dividend × (1 + Growth Rate)) / Current Price
DRIP Shares Next Year = Shares × (1 + Dividend Per Share / Share Price)
DRIP compounding assumes dividends are reinvested at the current share price. Real DRIP plans may use slightly different pricing mechanisms.
Yield on Cost vs Current Yield
If you bought a stock at $30 and it now trades at $60 but still pays $2 per share annually, your yield on cost is 6.67% while the current yield is only 3.33%. Long-term dividend investors often focus on yield on cost as a measure of how their income stream has grown relative to what they originally paid.
DRIP Compounding
Reinvesting dividends automatically buys more shares, which generate more dividends, which buy more shares. Over a 20-year period, a stock with a 4% yield and 5% dividend growth can produce dramatically more total income with DRIP than without it — the compounding effect becomes significant after year 7 to 10.
Illustrative Dividend Income Scenarios
$10,000 invested at various yields, held for 10 years with 3% annual dividend growth and no DRIP. Income is cumulative over the period.
| Yield | Year 1 Income | Year 10 Income | 10-Year Total |
| 2% | $200 | $261 | approx. $2,320 |
| 3% | $300 | $391 | approx. $3,480 |
| 4% | $400 | $522 | approx. $4,640 |
| 5% | $500 | $652 | approx. $5,800 |
| 6% | $600 | $783 | approx. $6,960 |
These are illustrative figures. Use the calculator above for your specific inputs.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a good dividend yield?+
There is no universal answer — it depends on the market, sector, and your investment goals. In general, yields between 2% and 5% are considered healthy for established companies. Yields above 7% or 8% can signal that the share price has dropped significantly or that the dividend may not be sustainable. A growing dividend at a moderate yield is often more valuable long-term than a very high static yield.
What is yield on cost and why does it matter?+
Yield on cost measures your annual dividend income as a percentage of what you originally paid for the shares. If you bought shares at $20 and the company now pays $2 per share annually, your yield on cost is 10% even if the current yield (based on today's price) is lower. It shows the true income return on your original investment and is particularly useful for evaluating long-held positions.
How much does DRIP compound over time?+
Significantly. A $10,000 position at 4% yield with 3% annual dividend growth held for 20 years produces roughly $11,600 in cumulative dividends without DRIP. With DRIP, the cumulative income rises to approximately $15,000 to $17,000 depending on share price assumptions. The difference accelerates after year 10 as the compounding effect of additional shares paying dividends becomes material.
What is forward dividend yield?+
Forward yield is an estimate of next year's dividend divided by the current share price. It is useful when a company has announced a dividend increase or when analysts expect a change. This calculator applies your entered dividend growth rate to project one year forward. Forward yield is more useful than trailing yield when dividends are actively changing.
Does this calculator account for taxes on dividends?+
No. Dividend tax treatment varies significantly by country, account type, holding period, and individual circumstances. In many countries dividends are taxed at a different rate to capital gains. This calculator shows gross dividend income before any tax. Subtract your applicable dividend tax rate to estimate net after-tax income.